Adding machine



March 6, 1928. 1,661,605

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A. EKMAN ADDING MACHINE March 6, 192s. 1,661,605

Filed March 18. 192e e sheets-sheet 2 Mmh 6, 192s. A 1,661,605

-A. EKMAN ADDING MACHINE Filed March 18. 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet I QL- n i1 i'i E: 1159 I; h 56 E: 55"? n: i i2 il: faq M54 March 6, 192s. 1,661,605

Fi 1ed March 18. 1926 6 sheets-Sheet 4 A. EKMAN ADDING MACHINE @mmm x m 29 i la #a Z LL u 3 32 1? 65 73 46 1 1 70 l u\\;f mi;n

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A. EKMAN ADDING MACHINE Filed March 18. 192e 6 sheets-Sheet 5 alllllllmllllllllllflll4 7 March 6, 1928. 1,661,605

A. EKMAN ADDING MACHINE Filed March 18. 1926 6 Sheets-Sheet 6 Patented Mar. 6, 1928.

ANDREW EKMAN, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

ADDING MACHINE.

Application led March 1,8, 1926.

to make a machine of the character stated having a minimum number of parts, of which a great number are duplicates, so that the cost of manufacture is reduced to a minimum and the machine can be manufactured and marketed at a low price. Another-object of the invention is to so construct the machine that the operation of subtraction is 'accomplished by av mere reversal of the operation of addition, that is, where manual movement of certain members is made in one direction for purposes of addition,manual movement of the same members in the opposite direction accomplishes subtraction, thesubtraction operation being very simple and involving no indirection as is required in many adding machines for accomplishing subtraction operations. A further object of the invention is to provide the machine with means whereby yit is substantially proof against over ruiming in either direction, that is, for either addition or subtraction operations, said means being of a simple yet effective character. Many other objects and purposes including simplilications in structure for the accomplishment of carrying as well as in clearing the machine, will be'apparent as understanding of the invention is had from the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. l is a front elevation of the adding machine made in accordance with my invention.

Fig. 2 is a fragmentary longitudinal section on a horizontal plane from the front side of the. machine to the central axis thereof, and on an upwardly and rearwardly inclined plane from said central axis to the rear of the machine.

3 is a fragmentary enlarged horizontal section taken through the carrying and over` throw prevention means disposed between adjacent computing units. Y

Fig. 4 is an end elevation of the adding machine construction, the enclosing cover being removed.

Fig. 5 is a transverse vertical section through said machine.

Fig. 6 is a front elevation of the interior seriaiNo. 95,668.

mechanism, the casing or housing therefor being shown in vertical longitudinal section. f

Fig. 7 is a fragmentary enlarged side elevation, with some parts in section, illustrating the clearing lever and associated mechanism.

Fig. 8 is a rear elevation of the interior mechanism, the casing being shown in vertical longitudinal section.

Figs. 9 and l0 are fragmentary rear elevations of contiguousunits of the machine, the parts occupying diderent positions such as occurs during the operation of the machine for addition and subtraction.

Fig. 1l is a fragmentary side elevation of the rear portion of one of the computing units illustrating the construction and the operation thereofy at one stage of such operation. f

Fig. 12 is a similar view illustrating a diiierent state of operation of the machine.

Fig. 13 is a similar view illustrating a still further stage in the operation of the niachine showing a different position of the parts.

Fig. l-/l is a vertical section through the machine showing one of the carrying discs and the means for the clearing mechanism in its operative position, and

Fig. l5 is a like view, said means being shown in inoperative position.

Like reference characters refer to like parts in thc different figures of the drawings.

The mechanism of the said machine is located above and carried on a base plate 1 which. in practice may be equipped with suitable feet 1a at its under side for resting on a desk or other article of furniture. The mechanism is housed by a casing which passes thereover. It includes two ends 2 with integrally turned fianges 3 over which the lmain portion of the casing is placed. Said main portion of the casing has a back 4 connected integrally with a forward and upwardly curved portion 5 which reaches to substantially the central portion o-f the machine vvhere it is pressedl inwardly, asv indicated at 6, and thencontinued forwardly and inward-ly in the arc of `a circle, as indicated at 7, thence being bent outwardly at 8,v

terminating in a downwardly extending yertical front side 9. The inwardly located or clepressed front curved portion T of the casing is termed with a plurality ol s1iu1ced apart vertical slots l() through winch the operating 1'1'1emlgie1s ot the computing units project, as will hereafter appear. Atthe right of each slot 10 and connected therewith is a small opening 1l through which openings the totals for any computation may be seen. The casing adjacent one. end is also provided with a vertical slot 12 'for the passage ot the clearing lever. A t the lower end et the portion 7 of the casing a linger stop bar 13 located lying horizon tally the full width olf the iiiwardly pressed part T ofi said casing. ln similar manner a second stop bar lfiis located horizontally at the upper end et said portion 'i' oil the casing and extends the full width thereof. All parte el the casing Vand the stop bars 13 and la are olf metal beingl readily termed into shape l'iy suitable dies.

'lhe meclnuiisin is f-:uigiportcd by two spaced apart end plates 15, one beingl located vertically near each end 2 elf the casing. These plates are Conner. ed to the base plate 1 having tongues 1li' at their lower edges which pass through the base plate and are clenched thereagainst. horizontal sha-tt 17 located between the supporting end plates 15 and is attached and held in place by screws 18, as shown in Fig. 2 which also serve as supports 'for arms 19 oi"- a ll-shaped hail which is completed by aA cross bar 20, the cross bar 2() and arn'is 19 being integral. The ll-shape hail described is o'll flat metal and extends upwardly and to the rear from the pins 18 on which it is loosely mounted. The bar 2O has a plurality oi? spaced apart openings 2l cnt therethrough and lies in a somewhat wider recess Q2 'formed at the rear upper portions ol' the end plates 1 5, being limited in movement between the upper lip 523 above said recess in each plate and the lower shoulder 2li; at the lower edges ot said recesses. The arms 19 are acted upon hy li ght springs as shown in et, which normally hold the upper edge olE the cross bar 20 against the upper lips Said springs are readily yieldahle so as to permit moyen'lent ol: the bail in downward direction.v

A number of computing units are mounted side by side on the shalt or rod 17, each inclu des a hub 2G freely rotatable on the shaft. At one end et each of said hubs a wheel is lined haring spokes 2 and a rim 28, the outer edge of' which is provided with aconsecutive series et gear teeth 29, eighty in number. A sheet metal member isattached to each et said rims 28, as shown in Fig. 3,

including a section 30 which substantially nocifs-os which figures in Vertical sequence are printn ed or otherwise attached. These ligure-s read in succession from 0 to 9 and are then repeated, tour series of Arabic numerals being placed on the `flange which may he termed, the dial `tor each computing uint. After the flange or dial portion 31 is formed the metal is continued outwardly and formed into a consecutive series of projections 82 with linger receiving depressions between them, fortj7 ot said depressions around the dial member being made. The computing units are so located and'positioned on the rod 17 that the iinger engaging projections extend through the slots 10 of the casing in a position to he engaged and actuated by the lingers ol an operator ot the machine. J

At the same end ol the hub 26 where the wheeY haring spokes 2i' and rim is attached, a har 33 mounted loosely and ei;- tends outwsndly beyond the gear teeth ol' the computing unit with which it is associated, lying closely adjacent thereto. The bar is extended to the opposite side ot the hub 26 on which it is loosely mounted and is widened, as indicated at 33a, so as to substantially balance the same on the hub.` The bar 33 at its rear end, bcyond'the gear teeth, is laterally offset and then formed with a depending arm 3ft from which a tongue 35 entends rearwardly passing through an opening 21 in the cross bar 30 ot the bail heretofore described. The width of the lug 35 is approximately one, half of the diameter ot the opening 21 through which it pa At the lower end et' the arm 34; a pin 36 secured on which a triangular shaped member 37 ol equih-itcral form and a pinion member permanently secured to the triangular member are mounted lor rotation. The pinion ymember consists of two parts 38 and 39, the former oi which is formed with sin pinion teeth and is in mesh with the teeth 29 ot the rim 28 of the computing unit with which bar is associated, while the latter pinion part 39 has the same number et' 'teeth but is cut down substantially to the pitch line ot the pinion part 38, the depth oli the teeth for the two pinion parte 38 and 39 being the same. lt is evident th at when a computing unit is turned on the shai't 17 ie gear teeth 29 turn its associated pinion 37 whereupon the triangular member 36 is turned and also the pinion part The'combined triangle and pinion member is slipped over the projecting` end of the pin 36 and is held thereon byreason of the stop interposed against the longitudinal movement on the pin by the adjacent section 30. as shown in Fig. 8. It will be noted that at the rear edge of each arm 3e, as shown in 5,. in addition to the tongue 35, a recess 4() is made below said tongue above rearwardly extending projection Ll1 haring lili lill) a downwardly inclined upper edge, the purpose of which will later appear.

Each computingunit at the other end of the hub 26 carries a plate 42 from which, at angles of 90 degrees to eac-h other, four teeth 43 project. This plate may be termed the. carrying plate for carrying from one column to the next higher in the machine. The. carryingplates 42 are located at the left handv ends of the hubs while the gear wheels and the bars 33 are at the right hand ends ol said hubs in this machine. Accordingly, a hub at its left hand end carries a. plate 42 which lies alongside ot the bar 33 of the computing unit next to the lett and the edges of the carrying plate 42 ot" one computing unit come directly under the pinion part 39 of the next unit to the left. l/Vhenever a computing unit is operated it is apparent that the plate 42 is likewise moved with it carrying its teeth 43 to the pinion part 39, and when a tooth 43 engages therewith the pinion is turned transmitting its movement to the gear wheel having teeth 29 of the next higher succeeding unit thus carrying over to the next succeeding higher column. For a purpose which will hereafter be described the pitch diameter of the teeth 43 is slightly greater than the pitch diameter of the gear teeth 29 and the pitch diameter of the pinion part 39 is less than the pitch diameter of the pinion part 3S.

Each carrying plate 42 is formed with laterally struck ilanges 44 and 45, four series or pairs thereof being made on each plate. The flanges 44 are longer thanflanges 45 and said flanges lie in relation to each other as shown in Figs. 14 and 15. At the `front lower portion of the machine a horizontal rod 46 is mounted between and supported by the end plates 15. An angle bar having legs 47 and 48 at right angles to each other is mounted on the rod 46 by means ot t-he ends 49 and 49u turned therefrom and integral therewith. From the rear edge of the leg 47 a number of arms 50 extend to the rear for a distance, there being one of said arms tor each plate or disc 42, and are then turned upwardly for a short distance, as shown in 51, terminating in forwardly turned lips 52. These rearwardly7 extending members lie in the. samek vertical planes with the iianges 44 and 45 on the carrying plates 42 with which they are associated. In the normal lower position of the arms L50, as shown in Fig. 15, no interference is made in any way with the free turning movement of the plates 42.

The member 49 which. with the member 49a, carries the angle bar at the lower front portion of the machine is formed at one edge with a series of gear teeth 53 which are in mesh with a pinion 54 mounted on a stud carried by the adjacent supporting end 15. The pinion in turn engages with teeth 55 formed at the lower end ot a lever 56 pivotally mounted on the shaft or rod 17 (see Fig. 7). rlhe lever 56 extends upwardly through slot 12 in the casing and is equipped at its upper end vith a button 57 against which the iinger may press to operate the lever. Lever 56 is normally held in upper position by a coiled spring 58, which when the lever is operated in a downward direction is stretched and acts to return the same to upper position when released. On the downward movement ot' the lever 56 through the gearing described,the angle bar comprised ot parts 47 and 48 is rotated upwardly about the rod 46 and all of the iingers 50 with attached sections 51 and 52 are lifted, as shown in Fig. 14.

The lever 56 at its lower end is equipped with a projecting cam 59, as shown in Fig. 7, and the spring 53 connected to the lever, at its opposite end is connected to an irregularly shaped member having an upper arm 60 at the front end of which a wedge shaped cam 61 is located, there being a second arm 62 tending downwardly from the upper arm 60 which is pivoted on the stud 63 carried by the adjacent end member 15. A lug 64 is turned inwardly from the arm 62 passing through an opening in the end 15 and lying` underneath the adjacent leg 19 of the U-shz-ipedbail heretofore described. The wedge member 61 bears against the upper side of the cam 59 but on the downward movement oli lever 56 the irregularly shaped member described isturned upwardly and to the rear about the axis of the stud 63 .bringing the lug against the under edge of arm 19 wher .by the bail is maintained in upper position the cross bar 26 engaging against lips 23.

A' second horizontal. rod 65 is disposed between and carried by the end plates 15 at the rear lower portion of the machine, best shown in Figs. 5 and 11. A sheet metal plate 66 is located in nearly vertical position inclined somewhat to the rear between the end plates 15 and has a horizontal torward extension 67 at its lower edge, the rod being located at the bend between the parts 66 and 67. r1`his plate is permanently rigidly `secured in place between the end 1lates The plate 66 at its upper edge is :feat -l'orward to malte a ledge 68 in which a. number of slots 69 are cut, one for each computing unit. T he plate 66 and its lower horizontal extension 67 are also Slotted a number o't' times atl the bend between the two parts, there being a slot tor each computing unit. vln each of said slots a iell crank member is disposed and pivotallv mounted on the rod 65. Each bell crank member includes a vertical arm 70 and a horizontal arm 71. Each ol the horizontal a-rms71 is formed with a narrow forwardly extending lip 7:2 at its iront end which en tends beyond the liront end ot the slot in which it is disposed so as to bear `against the upper side ot the extension plate (57, be-

i ing normally pressed thereagainst by a spring 73 coiled around the rod 65 having one end bearing against theA plate 66 and the other against a tongue 74C struck trom its associated arm 70 ot the bell crank lele ver. At the upper end ot each arm 70 a metal n'ienibcr pern'ianently securedj comprising a vertical section 7l trom the upper and lower edges oit which llanges 7st and 7i-b extend forward, as shown in Figs. ll, iti l2., and lil. ythe distance between the flanges 7l and T1-l" is but little more than the length ot a sid ot the trirfnigular meniher 37 and norn'ially, a side olf a triangular member bea against the trout siffle ot the vertical section if-lr, as shown `in Fig. ti. Vla addition at a vertical edge ot the section Telf an integral horizontal armv 75 extends :forward to a short distance in iront ot the associated triangular shaped member 7S and at its iront end is provided with upper and lower spaced apart lips 76 turned right angles to the bodyV ot the arm 75, as shown. Each of' the vertical sections 74, at a pointsubstantially midway its upper and lower edges, is formed with a forwardly enH r). for

'tending rib 77 (see ll, l2 and lil) and each edge ot each ot the triangular shaped members 37 is termed with a corresponding recess 78 large enough to receive the rib. llrom the upper end of each ot said vertical sections 7eland at the edge opposite where the arm 75 is located an irregularly shaped arm 79 entends upwardly and laterally ter mina-ting in a linger which received in the. notch el() made in the next adjacent arm Set which depends from the bar 33, previously described. The end plate 1,5 at the right hand end ot' the machine is also equipped with an inwardly turned lug or linger 80 lying substantially in the same plane with the tern'iinal lingers at the ends oli arm 79.

The number ot computing unit-s which may be mounted on the rod `17 is not limited to any particular number but may be made as many as desired. ln the machine shown eight ot the computing units are used. The lirst unit at the right is tor the units column9 the second for the tens, the third for hundreds, etc. ll? an addition operation is to be peril'ormed involving, tor example, the additfon ot 243 to what has before been added together, the operator places his fingers in the recesses of the operating members between the projections 32 at 2 on the hundreds computing unit, t on the tens computing unit and 3 on the unit-s computing unit, turning all ot the members in a downward direction until the lingers ol' the operator are stopped by entre-nent with the stop bar 13. This'can be done and all of the coinputingunits operated simultaneously it there is no carrying from one computing unit to the next higher, that is being operated. It is not necessary that all should be operated simultaneously or in any particular order but each may be individually operated, such individual operation being necessary it any carrying to the next unit occurs., Whenever a unit is operated the gear teeth 29 .drive the pinion part 38 associated therewith and turns the connecting triangular shaped member 37, thereby toreing the connected arm 70 to the rear against the spring Z2, as shown in Fig. ll. As the number oi teeth in the gear 29 is eighty while the pinion has six teeth and the meinber i? three equal sides, with each notch ot the oi'ierating member moved downwardly the JAiianguiar member 37 changes Yfrom one ot its sides against the part 74: with which it associated to the next succeeding side. and when this happens the arm 79 is also moved to the rear and the tinger at its tree end disengaged trom the recess in arm 34 on the bar 33 associated with the neat higher computing unit. lt no carrying occurs the triangular shapedV member 37 will merely turn around the axis ot the pin 36 a number oi times and will come to rest with a flat side of said member 37 against the vertical section 74: oit the member' with which it is associated. The rib 77 prevents any possi l ility ot a corner ot the triangular member 37 engaging against the section 74 in suchV a position that the triangular' member will be Y on dead center. inasmuch as any point et the member 37 must come either above or below the rib 77 no stopping ot thel triangular member 37 will act to turn said trianguln' member and parts associated therewith so that a flat edge ot the member 37 will be against the vertical section 74 when the machine comes to rest. Moreover, the pressure ot the bar 7 0 which carries the member at its upper end with which the triangular shaped member engages serves in a'large measure to govern the speed and prevent any spinning ot any computing unit which may be operated carelessly.

The mechanism described serves a still further and important function in the carrying from one computing unit to the next higher which is performed when a projection or tooth i3 on a disc Ll2 engages with the pinion part 39 associated with the next ad jacent computing'unit,this being shown in Fig. l2. The next higher' unit which has been moved one step with the carrying has its bar ,83V treed trom any connection with the linger on arm 79 oit the next lower unit from which t-he carrying occurs. As soon as this occurs the lug 35 on the bar 33 ot said next higher unit moves from its lower. position in the opening 2l ot' the bail bar 2O as shown in Fig. il. to the uppermost polas Y thereby.

sition, as shown in Fig. 12, also in Fig. 9. When the tooth 43 engages with the pinion part 39the first effect of such engagement, the tooth 43 moving in an upward direction, is to lift the bar so that lug occupies its upper position shown in Fig. 12. Lifting the bar raises the pin 36 and parts carried Accordingly, when the triangular shaped member of the next higher unit, to which carrying is being made, turns by reason of the engagement of the tooth 43 of the vnext lower unit with the pinion part 39, it moves said triangular shaped member upwardly and to the position shown in Fig. 12. lVhcn thus moved the next higher unit has been turned one step only so as to carry from one integer indicated on the flange 31 to the next higher. Any tendency for the next higher computing unit to rotate farther is positively stopped by theV engagement of one corner of the triangular shaped member rbetween the two lips 76 while any possible rebound is stopped by the engagement of another corner of the member 37 with the free edge of theupper flange 74a. Accordingly, there can be no overthrow in carrying from one unit to the nexthigher `unit nor any rebound, but the carrying is positively and fully controlled and is accurate and sure under all conditions. In like manner should the carrying be from one unit to a next lower unit, that is, in a backward direction during a subtraction operation, the same process is carried through though in a reverse direction, being fully shown in 'Fig. 13, in which case any spinning in one-direction or rebound in the opposite direction is stopped by reason of the fact that the triangular shaped member 37 controlling the unit'which is to be operatedfrom another unit during carrying, isheid lagainst rotative movement beyond one single step of movement. 'It is necessary, accordingly, that the computing umts be released 1n order that the finger at the vfree end ofv the arm 79 may ride up and'over the incline on the part 41 and into the recess 40 therebydrawing the bar 33-to its normal lower position before a succeeding operation may take place.

The mechanism, shown in Fig. 7, to insure that the cross bar 2O of the bail described shall be held in. upper position during the clearing` 'or zero setting of the machine, is necessaryffor the reason that during a clearing operation and a rotation of the units in a backward direction, if the bar 20were permitted to take its lower position, as shown in Fig. 13, clearing for each unit `would have to vbe byfstep by stepoperation because ofthe engagement of the `various triangular members 37 with a lug 76 and the front edge of its associated flange 74h. But by'holding the ba.ri2 0"to upper position, as shown in Fig. 12, while all of the'lugs 35 drop to their lowermost positions in the openings 21, the triangular shaped members are permitted to rotate freely and are not stopped at the end of each step, as they otherwise would be. The clearing of the machine or return of the dials at 3l so that zeros are shown through the openings 11, is accomplished simply kby the operator grasping the clearing lever 56 and drawing down.

thereon as previously described. This raises all of the lingers 5U and the attached parts 51 and 52. 1f a carrying member be in a position such as shown in F ig. l5, the elevation of a linger associated therewith brings the part 52 up against the under side of the flange 44 immediately above andthe member` 42 is tiiirned to the position shown in Fig. 14, ystopping when the adjacent flange 45 strikes against the finger 50 substantially at ythe bend where the part 51 is turned therefrom. This is shown fully' in Fig. 15 which also shows that the plate 42 cannot turn in the opposite direction as the part 52 strikes against the end of the flange 44. When stopped in such position it is designed that the zero character of the computing unit carried on the same hub 26 will 'appear through the Vopening 11 in the casing part 7. As all of the units are simultaneously acted upon the entire machine is cleared `at the one operation.

The slight enlargement of the pitch dialneter of the teeth 43 on the discs 42 over the pitch diameter of the gear teeth 29 together with the differences in pitch diameters of the two pinion parts 38 and 39, aids in obvia-ting any bad eflects which might occur from lost motion or 'back lash between the gearing and pinions. Absolute perfection of gear formation is almost impossible and even if it was present in machines when first made would soon be lost because of the wear occurring; and the construction as made, with the varying pitchV diameters obviates any effects of such lost motion.

From the foregoing it is apparent that I have provided a very simply constructed adding machine in which addition and subtraction may be very quickly and easily accomplished. The subtraction operation is merely a reversal of the adding operation, the operatingmembers being turned in the upward direction until-the fingers of the operator strike the upper stop bar 14. yComplementary smaller figures on the casing at the left of the slots 10 are the guides for the fingers. All of the partsof the machine are of sheet metal readily formed with .dies with the exception of a very few stock or fabricated parts. A great lmany of the parts are duplicates and the machinecanbe made at very low cost. The ycasing :at the front and back is formed with beadsf9aL and 4a ldesigned to spring over projections at the front and rear edges of the plates 15f0r securely holding the casing on vthe platesv and 6 v recibos over the mechanism.` Economy in manufacturing cost combined with extreme simplicityin operation malte the invention one ot value. 'llhe invention is defined in the appended claims and l consider it to compie heiid all terms ot structure coming within the scope oit said claims.

l claim: j

'1. In an adding machine, a computig unit mounted to turn on a horizontal axis, saidunit including a gear, a member loosely mounted alongside oi the Vcomputing unit, a combined pinion and triangular shaped member mounted on said i'irs't member, the pinion meshing with the gear, Va bar pivotally mounted at one end, a plate attached to the tree end ot the bar against which the triangular shaped member bear and spring means acting on the bar to move the plate connected with it into spring pressed engagement with said triangular shaped mem bei'. j

2. ln an adding machine, a computing unit mounted to turn about a horizontal anis,

said unit including a gear, a bar loosely mounted alongside oli' the gear and extending to the rear of said gear, said bar having a'depending tree end, a combined pinion andtriangular shaped member mounted :tor rotation on said dependingjtree end ot the bar, the pinion meshing with said gear, a second member having a vertical web and upper and lower flanges extending toward 'the triangular shaped member against which one 'edge of said triangular shaped member normally bears, spring means 'normally holding the second bar in a torward position, and means engaging with the iirst be: to limit the extent of' its movement.

ln combination, a horizontal ron, a plurality of computing units rotatably mounted thereon, each comprising a hub loosely mounted on said rod, a gear wheel and an operating member attached to t" ciiQ lgear wheel to manually turn the same, a member :mounted on the hub alongside oi each gear wheel and extending upwardly and-to the rear, a triangular shaped member rotatably mounted atthe rear end oi" said first mentioned member, a pinion secured to land rotatable with the triangular shaped member, said pinion including two pinion parts ot different pitch diameters, one et said pinion parts engaging with the gear wheelot its associated unit, and a carrying wheel connected to'each hub having spaced apart teeth projecting therefrom and mesh` ing with the smaller of said parts ot the pinion ot the unit nent adjacent, substantially described;

l. In an adding machine, a plurality or" rotatably mounted computing units mounted for individual rotation about a common hor- `izontal support, means whereby said units maybe turned about said support in either direction, means for carrying `trom one unit to the next adjacent higher unit on either direction of movement ot the lower unit, and means tor preventing movement ot said higher unit in either direction beyond a predetermined distance, substantially as ,described.

5. ln an adding machine, a computing unit comprising a hub, a sheet metal ,gear wheel attached thereto, a sheetn'ietal membei'attaclied tothe gear wheel and provided with an annulardial ilange on which consecutive ligures are carried yand with outwardly extending spaced apartV linger engaging projections, a second member loosely mounted on the hub aloiigside'oil' the gear wheel andiiormedat its outer end with an offset downwardly extending arm, a pin attached to the arm, a third member having a plurality ot equal sides rotatably mounted on the pin, av pinion connected to and rotatablc with said third member and in mesh with the gear Y wheel, a spring actuated fourth member yieldingly bearing against a side of said equally sided member.

6. ln an adding machine, a computing unit including a manually operable operating member and a gear connected therewith and av dial carrying igurcs in successionV herearounch means for mount-ing the unit for rotative movement, a pinion in vmesh with the gear, a support for the pinion, a member having a plurality of equal sides connected to and rotatable with the pinion, a pivotally mounted arm, a ilat member at one end thereof adapted to bear against a side oit the equal sided member and a spring associated with the arm tor holding said ilat Vmember againstthe equal sided'men'iber.

7. In an adding machine, a computing unit including a manually operable operat ing member, a gear and a totals'dial conn nected and associated therewith, means for mounting the unit for' rotative movement,

a pinion in meshwith the gear plate, a'

support for the pinion, a member having a plurality of equal sides connected 'lo and rotatable with the pinion, said equal sided member in each ot its sides being torino-d with a recess, a pivotally mounted arm, a ilat member at one end thereof adapted to bear against a side of the iirst'equal sided member and formed with inwardly extending rib adapted to seat in a recess inthe side ot said equal sided member and spring means acting on the arm for holding said flat member against the equal sided member, substantially as described.

8. In an adding machine, mechanism including aplurality ot computing units located side by side on a common rod support and mounted `for individual rotation-thereon, each unit including an operating member adapted tobe manually operated, a gear and a dial having ligures thereon, a

lli)

pinion in mesh with the gear and operated thereby, a supportfor the pinion, a member having a plurality of equal sides connected to and rotatable with the pinion, and a second member having a flat portion yieldingly pressed against the first member, substantially as described.

9. In an adding machine a rotatably mounted computing unit comprising a sheet metal plate formed with an annular flange on which figures are carried and with outwardly projecting spaced apart finger engaging portions, a gear wheel t0 which the sheet metal plate is connected, a hub to which the gear wheel is secured, a member loosely mounted on the hub alongside the gear wheel, said member being formed at one side with a downwardly extending arm, a pin attached to the arm, a second member having a plurality of equal sides rotatably mounted on the pin, a pinion connected to and rotatable with said second member and in mesh with the gear wheel, and a spring actuated plate yieldingly bearing against a side of said equal sided member, substantially as described.

10. In an adding machine, a plurality of computing units mounted to turn about a horizontal axis, each of said computing units also including means adapted at prescribed points in it-s movement to engage with the device of the next higher computing unit and turning the same one step thereby turning said next higher unit, and means brought into operation when said next higher adjacent unit is turned one step of movement whereby the turning movement of said next adjacent higher movement is limited to one step of movement, substantially as described.

l1. In an addi-ng machine, a plurality of computing units rotatively mounted to turn about a horizontal axis each being individually operable, each unit including a central hub, a gear, a totalizing dial carrying figures and a means for manually operating the unit, a bar loosely mounted on the hub of each unit and extending upwardly and to the rear back of the gear and provided with a down turned part, said bar lying jecting therefrom at spaced apart intervals,

said teeth being adapted to engage with the smaller pinion part of' the device associated with the next higher computing unit, a plurality of other bars pivotally mounted at their lower ends below said devices and extending upwardly toward the same, springs normally impelling the said other bars toward the equal sided members, an irregularly lshaped membersecured at the upper end of' each of' said last named bars having a central vertical section, and sections turned forwardly from the upper and lower ends of the central section and also having an arm extendingforwardly from one side edge to in front of its associated equal sided member, the front of' said arm having two spaced apart lip-s turned laterally in front of the equal sided member, and a second arm extending upwardly and laterally from the opposite edge of the central vertical section across to the next higher computing unit, a bail mounted to turn about the axis on which the computing units are mounted, said bail including an intermediate portion having a plurality of openings therethrough, said bars lying alongside of the gears ,of the computing units being provided at their rear upper ends with lugs narrower in width than the openings in the bail which extend through said openings in the bail, each of said depending parts at the rear ends of the first bars being formed at their rear edges with a recess into which 'the terminal ends of said laterally extending arms may seat and with a rearwardly extending portion having an upwardly and forwardly inclined upper edge, substantially as described.

In testimony whereof I aix my signature.

ANDREV EKMAN. 

